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要点：
管理投资组合可通过计算加密货币交易的盈亏来实现。
计算每次交易的盈亏有助于评估交易表现。
了解三种不同的盈亏计算方法，找出哪种方法最适合自己的投资和交易方式。
通过计算比特币和其他加密货币的盈亏来优化投资组合管理，分析加密货币交易业绩的方式共有3种。
作为投资者或交易者，密切关注所购加密货币的动态是一种明智的习惯。通过剔除表现不佳的资产，您不仅可以优化投资组合管理，还可以改变交易或投资策略，让投资组合的整体表现更上一层楼。计算盈亏是监控投资组合的绝佳方式。请继续阅读本文，了解如何通过三种不同的方式实现目标。
尚未建立自己的加密投资组合？立即加入币安——全球交易量最大的数字资产交易平台。我们提供一系列产品，助您开启加密货币之旅。掌握盈亏计算的相关知识，您就会成为一名成功的投资者或交易者。
如何计算加密货币交易的盈亏
虽然听起来很复杂，但计算盈利（即收益）与损失（即亏损）的方法很简单，只需简单的数学运算即可。以下三种简易方法可以实现目标。
1.逐笔交易
逐笔交易比较适合活跃的加密货币交易者。若要在逐笔交易的基础上计算损益，通常分两步完成。
第1步：以本地货币计算每笔交易的成本价格和价值。
第2步：计算交易价值与成本价值的差额，确定盈亏。
注：产生的交易手续费必须计入成本价格。
公式：
如果只涉及一种交易对：
成本价值 = 原始持有成本（包括交易手续费）
交易价值 = 所持资产在出售时的价值
收益 = 交易价值 – 成本价值（包括交易手续费）
如果涉及多个交易对，请注意以下几点：
第一笔交易 A 的成本价值与第二笔交易 B 的成本价值不同。相反，第二笔交易 B 的新成本价值是第一笔交易 A 的交易价值。
将每笔交易的所有收益相加，并扣除产生的所有费用。
示例：
*日期和价格仅供说明之用，并不代表以下日期的真实价格。
*注：为了便于理解，本示例不考虑交易手续费。然而，交易者应将所有交易手续费纳入成本价值。
2022年1月1日
您花费5,000 USD买入1 BTC。
成本价值 = 5,000 USD
持有量：1 BTC
2022年2月1日
然后，在BNB价格为250 USD时，您卖出1 BTC，然后买入30 BNB。
交易价值 = 7,500 USD (30 BNB x 250 USD)
未实现盈亏 = 2,500 USD（交易价值 7,500 USD – 成本价值 5,000 USD）
2022年3月1日
然后，在SAND代币的价格为1.8 USD时，您卖出30 BNB，然后买入5,000 SAND。
请注意，以下交易中的新成本价值为7,500 USD，对应30 BNB的成本。
持有量：5,000 SAND
交易价值 = 9,000 USD (5,000 SAND x 1.8 USD)
未实现盈亏：1,500 USD (9,000 USD – 7,500 USD)
您在今年第一季度的未实现盈亏总额为4,000 USD（2,500 USD收益 + 1,500 USD收益）。别忘了计入整个交易产生的任何交易手续费。需要注意的是，虽然未实现盈亏的价值为5,000 USD，但其会受到市场波动性的影响，随所持资产（本例中为 SAND）的价格而变化。出售它们套现时，即可获得收益。为了避免市场波动性并获得收益，您应将所持资产兑换为BUSD等稳定币，然后卖出套现。
2.年初至今(YTD)的盈亏
年初至今(YTD)的盈亏单纯计算日历年年初和年末的余额差值。这种特殊的计算方法更适合选择长期持有的加密货币投资者。
注：计算将使用年底的汇率，而非每次交易的即时汇率。
示例
假设您在年初的余额为：
5,000 USD (1 BTC)
0 USD
假设您在年末的余额为：
0 USD
5,000 SAND
年底时，SAND代币的单价为2 USD，您的投资组合在年底的总价值为10,000 USD。
未实现盈亏 = 5,000 USD（年末的投资组合余额 – 年初的投资组合余额）
*这种未实现盈亏只有在资产兑换为BUSD等稳定币，并且出售套现后才能实现。
3.未平仓头寸和平仓头寸
您也可以查看自己的未平仓头寸和平仓头寸，跟踪交易表现。未平仓头寸是入市时完成的交易。如果按相反方向交易未平仓头寸，则会成为平仓头寸。例如，如果您购买了0.5 BTC，则拥有一个未平仓头寸。如果卖出0.5 BTC，则其变为平仓头寸。
对于未平仓头寸，您可以按短期头寸、长期头寸、价值主张和投机头寸等不同方式分类。通过对头寸分类，您可以清晰直观地跟踪不同类别的交易表现，避免将所有未平仓头寸“混为一谈”。
对于平仓头寸，您可以将其下载到电子表格，并使用上文介绍的逐笔交易法，对盈利交易与非盈利交易分类。
开启加密货币之旅
如果在加密市场没有未平仓/平仓头寸，但有兴趣尝试这些投资组合技巧，则可立即来到币安构建投资组合。在购买任何加密货币前，我们建议您自己做好调研(DYOR)，确立投资目标，比如说您是希望参与短期投资，还是想让投资组合长线增值？这些决定也有助于确定投资组合的管理方式。币安一站式提供各类加密货币的动态——NFT代币、Web 3代币、元宇宙代币、DAO加密货币、稳定币和Layer 1区块链代币。
下一步，访问币安交易平台，简单两步即可购买加密货币。
第1步：为账户充值
在币安通过数字钱包划转或银行转账完成法币充值。请务必检查支持的法币渠道，购得所需货币。请参阅《如何通过SWIFT充值美元》详解指南
备选：将法定货币兑换为BUSD或USDT，以便交易更多代币类型。
第2步：购买加密货币
通过用户钱包或直接使用信用卡/借记卡购买代币。
结论
跟踪交易表现是至关重要的基本习惯，可以帮助您成为一名成功的交易者。采用上述计算方法能够加快投资组合增值的速度。这些方法灵活多变，可以按个人的财务目标与交易/投资风格进行调整。如果是日内交易者，逐笔交易法可能更适合您，YTD则更适合长期交易者。对此很感兴趣？不妨立即在币安注册一个账户并建立专属投资组合。
